مجله مدیریت ارتباطات در رسانه های ورزشی
پیاپی 33 (پاییز 1400)

The purpose of this study was to determine the codes of refereeing ethics in the scientific-research journals of physical education and sports sciences and to examine the degree of adherence of referees to those codes. The method of this research is exploratory and descriptive research and is a mixed study (quantitative and qualitative). Therefore, according to the purpose and process of research; its method was survey and data collection tools were interviews and questionnaires. The research questionnaires consisted of two sections: codes of arbitration ethics in the structural dimension (including 14 items) and codes of judgment in the content dimension (including 11 items), which were sent to all members of the editorial board of 27 scientific-research journals. Was. Since the number of research population was limited and specific, we considered the statistical sample equal to the statistical population as a whole and the returned and usable questionnaires were 75 copies. he degree of adherence of judges to the codes of refereeing ethics (structural dimension) and (content dimension) in scientific-research journals of physical education and sports sciences of Iran is significant. It seems that there are principles, values and ethical framework for the article refereeing profession, the observance of which ethical codes will definitely inject work health and increasing development into the scientific and research environment of physical education and sports sciences. On the other hand, the adherence of the judges to the ethical principles of judging the publications of physical education and sports sciences is at a desirable level.

Human Resources’ job engagement is one of the most significant reasons for the upsurge of productivity in organizations. This study investigated the moderating role of social capital in the relationship between the attachment style of journalists with unproductive attendance and their job engagement. The present study was descriptive-correlational in terms of its methodology and applied in terms of its purpose. The data were collected by electronic questionnaires. The population of this research comprised the journalists and correspondents working in active sports publications and journals. The sample size was estimated at 90 with respect to Henseler et al.’s (2009) rule. However, for further confidence, the electronic questionnaires were sent to 124 participants, determined by the concurrent use of the convenience and snowball sampling methods, and, finally, 107 completed questionnaires were collected. The partial least squares method and Smart-PLS software were employed for hypotheses testing. The results of the research showed that the Safe attachment style had a significant relationship with job engagement, and the unsafe attachment style had a significant relationship with unproductive attendance. Likewise, social capital moderated the relationship of the attachment style of the sports journalists and correspondents to their job engagement and unproductive attendance.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Navad program on marketing mix in Iranian primary football league.This research is Exploratory and has a quality nature. In this study was used the Grounded Theory and Glazier approach. Documentary research population carried out in the field of research, coaches players and referees of Iranian primary football league as well as university professors. sampling was done purposive and people were under semi-structured interviews. then the data from 14 interviews were analyzed with using the Grounded Theory. In the axial coding phase the codes from interviews were became into 129 distinct codes after the clearance. By reviewing and comparing these codes, it was found that all of the codes can be divided into 60 concepts and 5 main category: in the way that the nature of football has 17 concepts, the League's capabilities has 19 concepts, the National Media Capacities has 10 concepts, the category of Navad program has 3 concepts and the category of powerful executive of program has 8 concepts. In addition to 3 concepts were identified as concepts in the category of popularity and acceptance of Navad program. Furthermore 5 categories were identified in consequences section. Finally The results show the promotion of marketing of Iranian football. The suggested model of research showed that a successful football history program will lead to the increase of primary league audience and will have material and spiritual benefits and will be an important step towards professional of Iranian football clubs.

Advertising, as one of the most essential elements of modern marketing, is the main focus to directing the opinions, attitudes, and expectations of customers, and ultimately the occurrence of behavioral reaction that is buying the intended product. Hence, the aim of this study was the Estimating the Economic Value of Navad Programs Ads for Organization of Broadcasting. This was an applied research, and the method for collecting information and data was in a desk (library) way and, based on advertising tariffs, obtained from the IRIB website. Then, using the data obtained from the advertising tariff, Data analysis is based on Excel software. The results indicate that IRIB's revenue from advertising of NAVAD program in the year 2018 was $ 5 billion and 400 million Tomans per week, $ 21 billion and 600 million Tomans per month, and $ 1 trillion and 123 billion and 200 million Tomans per year, respectively. Thus, according to the research findings, IRIB officials are suggested to increase their advertising revenue from ads of the program with an emphasis on planning and re-broadcasting the NAVAD program from Channel 3 (TV 3).

Virtual media are one of the most popular and accessible social media in the last decade, which provides sports news to people, especially young people, as soon as possible. The purpose of this study was to compare the inequality of media coverage of women and men in cyberspace. The research was a quantitative one that was done in the form of content analysis, the five most popular news agencies were Aftab, ISNA, Tabnak, Tasnim and Fars in 2016. The research sample was the front page of each news agency that was collected daily through coded sheets. The validity of the sheets was approved by experts. The content dimensions used in this study included gender, type of sport, personality and photos of men and women. Data were used using descriptive statistics and non-parametric Chi-square test throughspss20 software. Were analyzed.The results showed out of 34768 news items, only 1140 of them were related to women (women 31.3% and men 96.68%). The first sport of women was shooting and men football. News about the personalities of men and women were 456 and 17951 times, respectively. The total number of photos of women was 739, but the number of photos of men was 22074.The four variables of gender, type of sport, personality, and photograph showed a difference therefor virtual media, while observing the principles of media neutrality , to pay attention to the enlightenment of public opinion and the all-round promotion of sports, in order to promote the sustainable development of sports.

The purpose of this research is the economic development of the sports industry with the use of social networks with the approach of combined designs and ISM modeling. The research method was a two-step exploratory combination of instrument making. Comprehensive research, as well as using the opinions of experts, eight factors among the economic development of the sports industry were identified using social networks. Then, using the technique of interpretive structural modeling and using questionnaire tools, the factors were classified into five groups. Then, after considering the level of each and every level of public opinion. The final access matrix draws the final model of the interpretive structure. Based on the results, factors such as financial resource development, organizational development, institutional development, and sponsorship development are less effective in relating to the economic development of the sports industry using social media. . And in a small part, the research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population studied is the total number of faculty members of the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences of the national faculties. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and structural equation model were used to evaluate the suitability of the research model. The results of the quantitative section showed that the amount of T-factor of each factor has a significant effect and all the framework of the economic development model of the sports industry was approved using social networks. The results also showed that the research model has a good fit.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the place attachment of tourists and the oral advertisement of the destination in visiting the equestrian event of Gonbad Kavous. This research is of descriptive-correlation type. 324 people were selected as a simple statistical sample from the tourists present at the Gonbad Kavous Equestrian sporting event in the fall of 2019. In this study, the standard questionnaires of Jin et al. (2012, 2015) Ghorbanzadeh and Saeidnia (2019) Lee et al. (2011, 2013) were used and their validity was confirmed by 10 experts. Measure its reliability using Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient and hybrid reliability. Data analysis was performed by structural equivalence method using Smart PLS software. The results showed that the variables of event experience quality with a coefficient of determination of ( ) 0.605, satisfaction with 0.582, quality of services with 0.515, respectively, had the greatest effect on tourists' place attachment and variables of quality of event experience with ( ) 0.585, Satisfaction 0.576, quality of services with a coefficient of determination of 0.494, respectively, can have the greatest impact on the oral advertising of tourists. The results showed that sporting events strengthen the place attachment and verbal advertising of tourists to the destination.

Nowadays, one of the tools for communicating with sports clients and engaging with audiences in public relations is sports marketing. The present study seeks to investigate the mediating role of sport customer appreciation in influencing communication marketing components on loyalty. The statistical population of this study includes all the clients of Tabriz city gym clubs. In this study, random cluster sampling was done to reach the customers of bodybuilding clubs due to the size and distribution of the statistical population. The statistical sample of the study was based on the Morgan table of 385 (athletes) from club clients. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Relationship between variables using AMOS20 structural equation modeling, and using common and standardized regression weights were analyzed. Also for testing the research hypotheses error level of 0.01 was considered. The results of the empirical test of the research model confirm the essential role of relational marketing components (direct communication, tangible reward, interpersonal communication, and preferential behavior) in the appreciation and loyalty of fitness club customers at the significant level of 0.01. The mediating role of gratitude in influencing relational marketing variables is also important. Therefore, public relations will increase the incentive to attract customers and allow club managers to fill the vacuum of non-customer relationship through marketing as an alternative. It is suggested that bodybuilding clubs increase the quality of their communication with their clients by lending confidence to their clients, to make them loyal to themselves